Former FBI Director James Comey has made his first court appearance in a criminal case alleging he made a threat against former President Donald Trump, launching what could become a closely watched test of how federal prosecutors prove criminal intent in politically charged speech cases.

The prosecution, styled US v. James Comey, Jr., is drawing unusual scrutiny not only because of Comey’s public profile, but because it lands squarely at the fault line between criminal threats law and First Amendment protections.

Chief Justice John Roberts has temporarily halted a lower-court order directing the federal government to return Kilmar Abrego Garcia from El Salvador, escalating what is quickly becoming one of the most closely watched emergency immigration disputes on the Court’s shadow docket.

The case arises from the government’s acknowledgment that Abrego Garcia was deported because of an “administrative error,” despite a lower court’s conclusion that he was lawfully present and could not be removed without due process.